by Steve Fritz
GATCHAMAN FLIES AGAIN
ADV COMPLETES LEGENDARY SERIES DVD COLLECTION
1972 was a dark time for American animation. That certainly wasn’t the case in Japan.
“Well, the television animation industry in Japan was only about nine years old , says historian Jason Hofius,” and a lot of studios were still finding their way or just coming into being. Most early series were pretty simple, the stories were normally self-contained to an episode or two without much concern for continuity over a series' run. They also tended to focus on a single, lead hero character. Only a handful of more serious adventure and action programs had been shown.”
“The shows were mostly exciting, and entertaining but there wasn't anything too dramatic. You know, entertaining and adventurous, but you didn't have to think too much about them. There were the usual talking animal, action, fantasy, robot and sports-themed shows geared towards young children. But animation became very popular, very quickly in Japan after Astro Boy hit. It was the first program of its kind, although not the first animated show in Japan as generally reported. Children responded to it in a major way and its success jump-started the industry there.”
Thick in the midst of this burgeoning scene was the studio Tatsunoko Pro. It already had one HUGE worldwide hit with
Speed Racer, and in its native Japan was known as the “studio of the superhero.” That was because its founders, the Yoshida brothers and eldest brother Tatsuo in particular, had some very strong American influences.

“Believe it or not the founder of Tatsunoko, Tatsuo Yoshida, was heavily influenced by early American comic books,” says Hofius. “Comics made him pursue his artistic ambitions and he left his home in Kyoto in his early twenties to start illustrating them in Tokyo. Titles like Superman really had an impact on Yoshida as a youngster. When his two brothers joined up with him a few years later, they formed Tatsunoko Productions as a comic art studio.
“Additionally, there was Astro Boy. When Yoshida saw the series in 1963, he knew that his future was in animation. So much so that he very nearly broke Tatsunoko to get their first animated production, Space Ace, on the air in 1965. But it worked and it led to Speed Racer and beyond. Another influence on Gatchaman was some of Yoshida's own early comic work. He had created a team in 1963 called Boy Ninja Squad Moonlight; a heroic group that used their Ninja skills to combat an evil organization.”
So in 1969, who by now were one of the premier studios in Japan, decided to put their power inside the industry and their love of superheroes to the next level. They would do a superhero series, but their way. It would combine a small handful of diverse, young and complex characters, have a much stronger emphasis on science fiction and super-science than both comics and manga of the times. Finally, in probably the most radical step of all, it would have one major theme that would run through the entire series.
They called the series
Kagaku ninja tai Gatchaman, literally
Scientific Ninja Troop Gatchaman although we Americans “officially” call it
Science Ninja Team Gatchaman. True fans and otakus alike lovingly call it
Gatchaman for short. It’s now considered one of the most important shows to ever come out of Japan, right up there with such “golden age” series as
Astro Boy,
Kimba and, of course, Tatsunoko’s own
Speed Racer.
“For the story, probably the most prominent innovation for Gatchaman was the use of a five-person team,” says Hofius. “A concept later copied by countless live-action hero shows like Power Rangers and animated shows like Voltron and Sailor Moon. The idea of having a team of main characters rather than a lone hero was something different. The show could focus just as well on a story with Joe or Jinpei as much as one about Ken.
“The characters were [also well-written and rounded out. All of them had distinct personalities, but they were never locked into behaving in one certain way. As the series progressed, you got to learn more about each of their backgrounds and motivations. Things like Ken's search for his missing father, the reason Joe hated Galactor so much and just what the heck was going on with Berg Katse were all great elements of the overall story. How many other animated programs at that time featured a main villain who changed genders? It was some really wild stuff.

“I think fans responded to the action and the characters,” Hofius adds, “but also to the humor in the show. Despite all of
Gatchaman's drama and emotional impact, there were times when it could be downright silly. Ryu, Jinpei and even Katse had a lot of funny and unexpected lines. Also, many of the names of the enemy machines were puns, like "Blizzarder" for a giant freezing monster. Some of the
visuals were ridiculous too, like the uniforms on the Galactor captains of the week. It was a hard-hitting show yes, but it didn't take itself seriously all the time. It kept things fun and I'm sure that was part of
the appeal to fans then and now.”
This style of anime storytelling would later become known as the Sentei (or “task force”) style and, as Hofius points out, is still incredibly common today. Yes, there were “team” series beforehand, just think of
Amazing 3, but no where near as developed and thought out.
Basically the story was about a special task force of five teenagers whose mission in life was to protect the planet from a major alien invasion. Leading the force was Ken, your classic square-jawed hero with an edge (oddly enough voiced over here by Casey Kasem). His second in command was Joe, who was moody, temperamental, but loyal. Rounding out the team was Jinpei (the youngest and smallest), Jun (the female member) and Ryu (the “big guy”). Their primary ship was The Phoenix, which had a special ability that when flying at incredible speeds would look like it was in flames.
Still, innovative story concepts weren’t
Gatchaman’s only breakthrough. Tatsunoko was already very well known for some top-notch animation work in its day (check out earlier shows like
Marine Boy or
Space Ace, if you can find them). They decided to go all out with
Gatchaman.

“The animation was one of the most striking features of
Gatchaman,” says Hofius. “Even though it started off looking good, it got even better and more realistic as the series continued. Tatsuo Yoshida wanted his staff to try new things in each successive program developed at Tatsunoko, whether it was a new way to animate or photograph something, a way to integrate live-action scenes into the animation, or some other kind of visual effect. If it was new, looked good and was useful, Yoshida seemed to go for it. Some of the staff at Tatsunoko reported that he would encourage them to go see American movies like
2001: A Space Odyssey and
Planet of the Apes in order to get ideas for rich-looking cinematography, dramatic camera techniques and lighting. Obviously, it paid off.”
“The realistic-looking way the characters and vehicles were drawn was developed through
Speed Racer, and two other series they produced before
Gatchaman; a drama called
Kurenai Sanshiro and a documentary series about World War II called
Decision. These series featured progressively more realistic-looking characters and machines that contributed directly to
Gatchaman's quality.
“The Science Ninja Team's vehicles held another innovation for the series,” says Hofius. “They transformed shapes and they were able to join up to create an even more powerful fighting craft. That idea hadn't been widely explored before, but after
Gatchaman it became a staple of many Japanese cartoons. Vehicles and aircraft in
Gatchaman were drawn with care. Even the enemy machines, while usually outrageous-looking, were still animated realistically without a lot of cartoon-like bending or exaggerated movements.
“Other animation techniques honed through the years included things like the heavy use of airbrushing on smoke effects and other things like the Science Ninja Team's helmets, which is time-consuming and harder to do on moving objects. Explosions were another impressive specialty of the series. They looked like they were dangerous and destructive, not simple puffs of smoke with spiky flashes of orange and yellow-colored lights.”
Tatsunoko would spend an incredible three years (an incredible amount of time in those days) on this project before finally selling it to television in 1972. While the reaction wasn’t immediate, it didn’t take too long for
Gatchaman to take off.
“It wasn't a smash at first, but its following built up pretty quickly,” says Hofius. “It was only planned to run for a single year, but fan reaction and ratings for the series extended its run to two years. It was meant to appeal to kids of grade school age, but ended up catching on with teenagers. The unexpected appeal to an older age group encouraged the creators to get more adventurous with the stories to pull in even more viewers.”
By the time the original series was completed, Tatsunoko did an amazing 108 half-hours. But there was another side effect, the fans wanted MORE. Lots more.

“Once fans found it, they seemed to love it and stuck with it,” says Hofius. “There was a lot to dig into in the series and fans kept close tabs on everything that happened week-to-week. It spawned very dedicated groups, and their influence actually added some things to the story. Fans got together to discuss story points, the characters and speculate in detail about what may happen in upcoming episodes. They would send letters with their thoughts and questions to Tatsunoko, and the studio paid attention. Many fans thought that Berg Katse may actually a woman, mainly due to the way the voice actor portrayed him. Although the main writers of the series hadn't considered the possibility, they ended up designing a story around that angle and it became a major part of the second year.
“Also, Joe, the Condor was also a huge hit with fans. The early planning for the series had Ken, Jun and Jinpei as the major characters whose stories would be followed. But Joe's popularity led to him getting more screen time and finally developing into the series' major story at the end. Fans are still very active in Japan to this day. There are current fan publications dedicated to Gatchaman and it is a respected and fondly remembered program. The series still ranks highly in polls with other classics of Japanese animation like Star Blazers and Gundam.”
Already a hit in Japan, it was now time for Gatchaman to take over the world. In next week’s columns, Hofius will explain how the series was converted over here in the U.S. into Battle of the Planets. We’ll also go into the recently completed, and magnificent, 8-box set collecting every little detail of the series by ADV..
ANIME CHANNEL EXPANDS DRAMATICALLY
While we’re on the subject of ADV, their Anime Network has been making some interesting moves, too.
First, Anime Network announced three new carriage (or carrier) deals for its popular subscription-based video-on-demand (SVOD) service. America’s #1 Anime Channel is set for SVOD launches throughout the Insight Communications and RCN systems, as well as Cogeco Cable Inc.’s Ontario systems in the coming weeks.
“We are delighted that more and more operators recognize the growing appeal and connection of Anime Network programming to their most sought-after consumer demographics,” said Kevin McFeeley, the Network’s Vice President of Affiliate Sales and New Media. “We look forward to working with each of these three new partners in reaching and entertaining the communities they serve.”
“We believe VOD is a great platform for providing specialized programming to targeted audiences,” said Melani Griffith, vice president of programming at Insight. “Anime has a very passionate following and is exactly the kind of on demand content we believe will be successful and will attract new viewers.”
Anime Network’s current SVOD launch schedule for each MSO is as follows:
• Insight Communications – September kick-off of three-stage system rollout
• RCN – October system-wide launch
• Cogeco Cable Inc. – November Ontario systems launch
While Anime Network has quickly become the largest VOD offering and one of the most popular SVOD services available today—with over 95% penetration to all VOD-enabled households—the network is also available as a 24/7 linear channel through several service providers.
Telecommunications behemoth AT&T also announced a distribution agreement with Anime Network, which will deliver its on-demand programming as part of the AT&T U-verse SM TV channel lineup.
Under the agreement, AT&T U-verse TV customers will have access to Anime Network On Demand, which offers thousands of hours of the latest anime programming directly from Japan. AT&T U-verse TV and Anime Network On Demand will offer free, subscription and transactional video-on-demand (VOD) options.
“AT&T U-verse TV delivers a unique viewing experience that is centered around our customers and the content they are passionate about,” said Richard Wellerstein, vice president of VOD programming, AT&T Operations, Inc. “Anime Network will give AT&T U-verse customers the flexibility to watch their favorite anime shows any time they please through our robust on-demand library.”
“We’re proud to bring the art and entertainment of anime to the AT&T U-verse experience,” said Kevin McFeeley, vice president of affiliate sales and new media, Anime Network. “Our programming lineup resonates not only with devoted anime fans but also with other segments of today’s tech-savvy consumer audience, such as video gamers and action/adventure enthusiasts. We look forward to working with AT&T in reaching even more viewers as part of their exciting new service.”
AT&T U-verse TV is delivered by Project Lightspeed, the company’s initiative to expand the fiber-optics network deeper into neighborhoods to deliver U-verse TV, AT&T Yahoo!® High Speed Internet U-verse Enabled and, in the future, Voice over IP services. Through its subsidiaries, AT&T expects to reach nearly 19 million households by the end of 2008 as part of its initial deployment, using fiber-to-the-node (FTTN) and fiber-to-the-premises (FTTP) technologies.
NICK RENEWS MAX & RUBY
Nickelodeon Preschool Television has announced that they have picked up an all-new, 14-episode season of the 2-D animated preschool series
Max & Ruby. In addition, a new
Max & Ruby Easter special will premiere on Nick Jr. and NOGGIN in Spring 2007 to kick off the new season.
Based on the classic children’s book series by internationally acclaimed children’s author and illustrator Rosemary Wells,
Max & Ruby follows the adventures of two bunny siblings. The show, a co-production from Nelvana/Corus Entertainment, currently airs weekdays on NOGGIN at 10:30 a.m. (ET). The original 26 episodes of the series and the new season of 14 episodes were produced by Nelvana in association with Chorion Silver Lining.
“We’re thrilled to bring more Max and Ruby episodes to Nick Jr. and Noggin,” said Brown Johnson, Executive Creative Director, Nickelodeon Preschool Television. “Preschoolers clearly delight in Max’s antics and Ruby’s creative persistence. They are a dynamic brother-sister duo.”
“We believe passionately in Max and Ruby. The books and the TV series speak directly to young children across cultures and the series is a firm favorite with broadcasters, parents and youngsters alike. We are delighted that Nelvana has produced 14 more half-hour episodes and that Nick Jr. has picked these up. We know that Max and Ruby’s large family of devoted fans can’t wait to get to see these new shows,” said Nicholas James, Chief Executive of Chorion.
Each half-hour episode of
Max & Ruby consists of three seven-and-a-half-minute stories that celebrate the universal nature of sibling relationships. The series follows Max, an enthusiastic and
determined preschool bunny, and his big sister Ruby, a very smart and goal-oriented seven-year-old, through their everyday lives in the village of East Bunnyhop. Even though Max and Ruby have conflicting agendas, they enjoy working and playing together.
DISNEY ALSO RENEWS CHARLIE & LOLA
Disney Channel has ordered a third season of
Charlie and Lola, the charming preschool series about a pair of supportive siblings, for its learning-focused Playhouse Disney programming block. The announcement was made today by Nancy Kanter, Senior Vice President, Original Programming, Disney Channel.
"The series does a wonderful job of showcasing preschool-age life lessons through the special bond siblings have," Kanter said. "We are delighted that Charlie and Lola's tender and humorous relationship will continue to warm the hearts of our young viewers and their parents and caregivers."
Based on the award-winning children's book series by Lauren Child,
Charlie and Lola depicts a considerate brother, 7-year-old Charlie, who patiently helps his feisty yet endearing 4-year-old sister, Lola, through preschool-age challenges such as keeping a clean room, new friendships, caring for an injured sibling and being scared of the dark. Helpful Charlie guides Lola through by using logic, humor and the power of imagination.
Currently in its second season,
Charlie and Lola airs weekdays at 10:00 a.m. ET/PT and weekends at 11:30 a.m. ET/PT during the Playhouse Disney programming block. New episodes are scheduled to air October 9 and November 10, as well as a holiday episode slated for December.
"Charlie and Lola" is a production of London-based Tiger Aspect Productions.
VIRGIN ENTERS ANIMATION WORLD
The ever-expanding empire of our favorite billionaire Richard Branson now plans to soar into the world of animation (I’m sorry, you gotta love a guy who once had Tangerine Dream, Gong and the Sex Pistols on his record label). And, typical of Branson, it’s in a whole new area for us more Western-tuned fans.
Kahani World, Inc. an independent animation company based in Toronto, Canada and Virgin Comics, LLC have teamed up to co-produce
Secrets of the Seven Sounds, a full length animated feature for kids 7 and up, inspired by the ancient Indian myth Ramayana.
In addition to action, adventure and fantasy,
Secrets of the Seven Sounds challenges tradition by asking us to consider what it might really be like to be the little brother of the Chosen One?
Seven Sounds tells the story of the handsome, naturally gifted, and love-struck Prince Ram who destiny has chosen to rescue Princess Sita (the object of his affections) and save the world from the villainous Lord Ravan. But the real hero of
Seven Sounds is Lux, Prince Ram’s 11 year-old little brother, the family’s insightful and often-overlooked
intrepid fighter.
“The Ramayan continues to be the bedrock of India’s cultural identity in ways that no other myth can claim,” said Deepak Chopra, best-selling author and Chairman of Virgin Comics. “
The Seven Sounds animated film is a is a marvelous way to share this story and inspire children around the world.”
Secrets of the Seven Sounds is already in an advanced stage of development; full production begins in just seven weeks. The feature is in collaboration with Virgin Comics co-founders, Deepak Chopra and Shekhar Kapur, and is based on an original story by Gotham Chopra, Sharad Devarajan and Jeevan Kang. The animated feature will be brought to market in the summer of 2007.
“Our comics and film stories are infused with characters and mythic sensibilities that resonate with audiences around the globe,” said Sharad Devarajan, CEO of Virgin Comics. “Kahani World shares our vision and understands the importance of epic storytelling. Together we are uniquely positioned to produce an exceptional animated feature, and adapt the film for global merchandising, graphic novels and promotional campaigns.”
“It’s about time the world is exposed to the rich mythology we have stored up in our vaults in India and Asia. With Kahani, we are excited to be bringing one of the greatest Indian legends, re-fashioned, to the world, and in doing so create new planetary myths that people every where can enjoy,” said Gotham Chopra, Virgin Comic’s Chief Creative Officer. “This is just the start!”
“Kahani is focused on creating and producing world-class animation brands that become icons in India, resonate throughout Asia, and also appeal to audiences around the world,” said Biren Ghose, animation veteran, CEO and President of Kahani World Inc. and Executive Producer of
Secret of the Seven Sounds. “We aim to put a new spin on storytelling, blending stories that may have an “Indian DNA” but which thrive in the contemporary context and culture of the global kidizen! Virgin Comics and Virgin Animation have succeeded in straddling the East-West paradigm with equal excellence and are an inspiration and benchmark for what Kahani seeks to achieve as a Company.
NEXT COLUMN: Not only will we complete our story of Gatchaman, but also them Dingos are looking kind of Frisky over at Cartoon Network. –s